Filters



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. W. ROBINSON FILTERS Nov. 3, 1959 Filed Aug. 19, 1955/nvenfon J. W Ha/2150 Nov. 3, 1959 J. w. ROBINSON FILTERS 2 Sheets-Sheet2 Filed Aug. 19, 1955 IIN] 'in rits. adaptability to .economicalmanufacture.

United States Patent O FILTERS John W. Robinson, Richmond, Va., assignorto Richmond Engineering Co., Inc., Richmond, Va.

Application August 19, 1955, Serial No. 529,496

4 Claims. (Cl. 2111-458) 'This invention relates to new and usefulimprovements 'and 'structuralreiinements :inthe art .of ltering, vandcon- Vsaquendable, cartridge type iilter-coa'lescer el ement wherein thefunctions :of `iltering and demulsificaton are accom- .plis'hed by the,passagecf contaminated iluids through .-certai-n porous med-ia.embodied .in ithecartridgeselement.

An important feature of the invention, therefore, resides in theparticular structural arrangement of the iilter cartridge, while anotherimportant feature .resides in 'the provision of .novel means vfor.mounting .the cartridge in situ in a iiltering apparatus.

'.Some :of the vadvantages Yof the invention reside in its' :simplicity:of construction, in its efficient operation, van

`Withj the foregoing more important fobjeclts and feaatures in View andsuch other objects Iand features fas may become apparent as thisspecification ',proceeds, Vthe -invention resides in the arrangement .ofparts and detailsof u construction ysubstantially as .shown in theaccompanying drawings, wherein like characters of reference are used tovdesignate ,like parts and wherein:

tially broken away and taken in the direction of 'the arrow 3 in Figure1;

Figure 4 is an elevational View of a iiltering apparatus, partiallybroken away to reveal the cartridge therein;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view, taken substantially in the plane ofthe line 5-5 in Figure 4; and

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional detail illustrating the cartridgemounting means. Y

Referring now to the accompanying drawings in detail, particularly toFigures 143 thereof, the iilter-coalescer cartridge is -designatedgenerally by the reference numeral 10 and embodies in its construction arigid tubular core 11 having a oraminous wall, preferably constructedfrom expanded metal. An inner tubular jacket 12 of porous filteringmaterial such as fiberglass is positioned on the core 11 and is coveredby a second tubular jacket 13 of similar material, as shown.

A screen wrapper 14 is positioned on and embraces the second jacket 13along a portion of its length, while an f 2,911,101 Patented Nov. '3,19.5.9

- ICC 2 `outer tubular jacket ,15- of porous filtering material ,such asfiberglass covers the screen wrapper 14 as well as the exposed portionofthe second jacket, 13 which is not embraced by the wrapper 14.Finally, ,a screen cover 16 is provided on the outer jacket 15.

The several components of the cartridge .areheld together by rigid endcaps 17 of metal, or the like, and inner .and outer gaskets 13, `19,respectively, of suitable material are ,provided at the end caps,as-illustrated.

rThe jacket 12, as shown, `is relatively thick as compared with thethickness of the two outer jackets 13 and 15 and is composed of ,a largenumber of glass bers sintered together with adhesive resin to form a.porous matrix which is permeable to iiuids but not necessarilypermeable to all solids. The density of the matrix and the diameter ofthe iibers have..bearing on Athe size .and quantity of solid particleswhich the jacket 12 will retain, and the .primary purpose .of the jacket12 herein'is to retain the bulk of the larger sized solid particleswhile permitting relatively smaller particles to pass therethrough .toAthe intermediate jacket 13 which retains a ,portion at least of vtheiiner .particles while passing the liquid mixture or emulsion to `theouter jacket 1'5 which is composed of fibrous ma- .'terialV of tine ibersize and density .and whose principal Vfunction is to coalesce ,thedispersed liquid component ofthe emulsion.

It maybe stated at this point that .the cartridge is in- `tended towithstand moderate lpressure differential produced by resistance to owof uids therethrough. Inasmuch as the screen wrapper ,14 embraces onlyaportion of the length of .the jacket 13 Yand binds `the same .againstthennderlying portion of .the vjacket .12, .the portion of the jacket 13which `is not embraced .and bound `by .the

i wrapper' 1.4 .may expand outwardly to .some .extent .undermoderatefluid pressure Vand form a pocket between itself would retainvthe silt Y.closed except for `the :Pocket .en-

trance portion 2l) which the wrapper 14 does not" cover. It is to beparticularly noted that the above mentioned feature of accommodatingparticulate matter in a pocket between the jackets 12, 13 permits agreater area of iilter surface to remain open in the unpocketed portionof the cartridge for the passage of fluid therethrough, thussubstantially prolonging the useful life of the device.

Such fine solid particles as pass through the jackets 12, 13 eventuallyenter the outer jacket 15 where they are finally retained. The jacket 15also serves another important function, namely, that of coalescing thedispersed liquid passing through with 'the principal liquid in the actof demulsiiication. While some coalescence may take place during thepassage of such liquids through the jackets 12, 13, the fine fiber sizeand density of the In practice, a principal kerosene, for example,contaminated with finely dividedliquid hydrocarbon such as water and/orsolid particles is caused to ow through the cartridge from the inside tothe outside. The principal liquid readily emerges in an unalteredcondition after passing through lthe jackets 12,' 13, 15, while thesolid contaminant is retained .with the jackets and water is coalescedinto large droplets of suicient size for separation from the principalliquid by gravity, whereupon said droplets fall to the bottom of thecontaining vessel.

The accompanying Figures 4-6 illustrate the cartridge mounted in afiltering apparatus including a suitable Vvertically elongated tank 21having a fluid inlet 22 and a iiuid outlet 23 in the respective lowerand upper portions thereof and supported by suitable leg structure 24.

A transverse partition plate 25 is provided in the lower portion of thetank above the inlet 22 and if the appara- 'tus is intended toaccommodate a plurality of the carextending through the same, and adome-shaped cap 32 is positioned on this stud, as shown. A clamping nut33, positioned on the stud 31, is used to press the lower edge of thecap 32 in sealing engagement with the gasket 19 at the upper end of thecartridge.

The upper end portion of each pipe 27 is formed with a set of apertures34, whereby fluid passing from lthe inlet 22 through the pipes may enterthe inside of the cartridges for filtering thereby and subsequentdischarge through the outlet 23 of the tank. It is to be noted that whenthe cartridges are positioned vertically as shown, the aforementionedslit, pocket forming portion of each cartridge is placed toward thebottom so that particulate matter may gather therein under assistance ofgravity.

While in therforegoing there has been shown and described the preferredembodiment of the invention, various modifications may become apparentto those skilled in the art to which the invention relates. Accordingly,it is not desired to limit the invention to this disclosure, and variousmodifications may be resorted to, such as may lie within the spirit andscope of the appended claims.

What is claimed as new is:

1. In a lter cartridge, the combination of a rigid tubular core having aforaminous wall, an inner annular jacket of -porous filtering materialprovided on said core,

a second annular jacket of porous iiltering material superposed on saidinner jacket, means embracing said second jacket along a portion of itslength whereby to bind the same against said inner jacket but permit theunbound portion of the second jacket to expand outwardly to form apocket therebetween and the inner jacket, said inner jacket beingprovided with a slit constituting an entrance Afor particulate matter tosaid pocket, means for supplying fluid to be ltered to the interior ofthe cantridge, and means for withdrawing filtered material from theexterior of the cartridge.

2. The device as defined in claim 1 wherein said means comprises ascreen wrapper provided along a portion of the length of said secondjacket.

3. A filter cartridge comprising a rigid tubular core having aforaminous wall, an inner annular jacket of porous iiltering materialprovided on said core, a second annular jacket of porous filteringmaterial superposed on said inner jacket, a screen wrapper embracingsaid second jacket along a portion of its length whereby to bind thesame against said inner jacket but permit the unbound portion of thesecond jacket to expand outwardly to form a pocket therebetween and theinner jacket, said inner jacket being provided with a slit constitutingan entrance lfor particulate matter torsaid pocket, an outer annularjacket for porous iiltering material superposed on said screen wrapperand on said unbound portion of said second jacket, an annular screencover superposed on said outer jacket, means for supplying iiuid to befiltered to the interior of the cartridge, and means for withdrawingfiltered material from the exterior of the cartridge.

4. A filter cartridge for emulsion treatment as set forth in claim 1wherein the outer jacket is composed of glass iibers of iine fiber size.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS`1,718,385 Sherwood June 25, 1929 2,395,449 Briggs Feb. 26, 19462,657,808 Mankin Nov. 3, 1953 2,692,686 Fleck et al Oct. 26, 19542,701,062 Robinson Feb. 1, 1955 2,732,031 Rabbitt et al Jan. 24, 19562,749,265 Fricke et a1 June 5, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 802,777 France June13, 1936 602,429 Great Britain May 26, 1948

